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rational_reconstruction.hpp

SECTIONMath INCLUDEnoya/rational_reconstruction.hpp

从模意义下的剩余值,在给定分子分母界内唯一恢复最简分数。

\[ \displaystyle \frac{x}{y}\equiv r\pmod m \]

Complexity: Time: O(log m). Space: O(1).

跳到代码 · GitHub ↗

Implementation

当前头文件,省略 include guard;依赖见 #include

/// @complexity Time: O(log m).
/// Space: O(1).

#include "noya/fraction.hpp"

#include <cassert>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdint>
#include <numeric>
#include <optional>

namespace noya {

/// @brief Reconstruct a reduced fraction numerator/denominator congruent to a
/// residue res modulo mod within supplied bounds. Uniqueness is guaranteed when
/// 2*nb*db < mod.
inline std::optional<fraction> rational_reconstruction(std::int64_t res,
                                                       std::int64_t mod,
                                                       std::int64_t nb,
                                                       std::int64_t db) {
  assert(mod >= 2);
  assert(nb >= 0 && db >= 1);
  res %= mod;
  if (res < 0) {
    res += mod;
  }
  std::int64_t r0 = mod;
  std::int64_t rem = res;
  std::int64_t d0 = 0;
  std::int64_t den = 1;
  while (std::llabs(rem) > nb) {
    if (rem == 0) {
      return std::nullopt;
    }
    std::int64_t quo = r0 / rem;
    __int128 r1 = __int128(r0) - __int128(quo) * rem;
    __int128 d1 = __int128(d0) - __int128(quo) * den;
    r0 = rem;
    rem = std::int64_t(r1);
    d0 = den;
    den = std::int64_t(d1);
  }
  if (den < 0) {
    den = -den;
    rem = -rem;
  }
  if (den == 0 || den > db || std::gcd(rem, den) != 1 ||
      std::gcd(den, mod) != 1) {
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  __int128 con = __int128(res) * den - rem;
  if (con % mod != 0) {
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  return fraction(rem, den);
}

} // namespace noya
#ifndef NOYA_RATIONAL_RECONSTRUCTION_HPP
#define NOYA_RATIONAL_RECONSTRUCTION_HPP 1

/// @complexity Time: O(log m).
/// Space: O(1).

#include "noya/fraction.hpp"

#include <cassert>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdint>
#include <numeric>
#include <optional>

namespace noya {

/// @brief Reconstruct a reduced fraction numerator/denominator congruent to a
/// residue res modulo mod within supplied bounds. Uniqueness is guaranteed when
/// 2*nb*db < mod.
inline std::optional<fraction> rational_reconstruction(std::int64_t res,
                                                       std::int64_t mod,
                                                       std::int64_t nb,
                                                       std::int64_t db) {
  assert(mod >= 2);
  assert(nb >= 0 && db >= 1);
  res %= mod;
  if (res < 0) {
    res += mod;
  }
  std::int64_t r0 = mod;
  std::int64_t rem = res;
  std::int64_t d0 = 0;
  std::int64_t den = 1;
  while (std::llabs(rem) > nb) {
    if (rem == 0) {
      return std::nullopt;
    }
    std::int64_t quo = r0 / rem;
    __int128 r1 = __int128(r0) - __int128(quo) * rem;
    __int128 d1 = __int128(d0) - __int128(quo) * den;
    r0 = rem;
    rem = std::int64_t(r1);
    d0 = den;
    den = std::int64_t(d1);
  }
  if (den < 0) {
    den = -den;
    rem = -rem;
  }
  if (den == 0 || den > db || std::gcd(rem, den) != 1 ||
      std::gcd(den, mod) != 1) {
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  __int128 con = __int128(res) * den - rem;
  if (con % mod != 0) {
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  return fraction(rem, den);
}

} // namespace noya

#endif // NOYA_RATIONAL_RECONSTRUCTION_HPP
#include <cassert>
#include <compare>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <numeric>
#include <optional>

/// @complexity Time: O(log m).
/// Space: O(1).

/// @complexity Time: O(log max(|num|,den)) normalization; arithmetic itself is O(1).
/// Space: O(1).

namespace noya {

/// @brief Normalized signed 64-bit rational number; arithmetic results must fit
/// int64, while comparison and intermediate products use signed 128-bit.
struct fraction {
  std::int64_t num = 0;
  std::int64_t den = 1;

  fraction() = default;
  fraction(std::int64_t nx, std::int64_t dx = 1) : num(nx), den(dx) {
    normalize();
  }

  void normalize() {
    assert(den != 0);
    if (den < 0) {
      num = -num;
      den = -den;
    }
    std::int64_t div = std::gcd(num, den);
    num /= div;
    den /= div;
  }

  friend bool operator==(const fraction &, const fraction &) = default;
  friend std::strong_ordering operator<=>(const fraction &a,
                                          const fraction &b) {
    __int128 l = __int128(a.num) * b.den;
    __int128 r = __int128(b.num) * a.den;
    return l < r   ? std::strong_ordering::less
           : l > r ? std::strong_ordering::greater
                   : std::strong_ordering::equal;
  }
  friend fraction operator+(const fraction &a, const fraction &b) {
    std::int64_t div = std::gcd(a.den, b.den);
    __int128 num =
        __int128(a.num) * (b.den / div) + __int128(b.num) * (a.den / div);
    __int128 den = __int128(a.den / div) * b.den;
    return {std::int64_t(num), std::int64_t(den)};
  }
  friend fraction operator-(const fraction &a, const fraction &b) {
    return a + fraction(-b.num, b.den);
  }
  friend fraction operator*(fraction a, fraction b) {
    std::int64_t g1 = std::gcd(a.num < 0 ? -a.num : a.num, b.den);
    std::int64_t g2 = std::gcd(b.num < 0 ? -b.num : b.num, a.den);
    a.num /= g1;
    b.den /= g1;
    b.num /= g2;
    a.den /= g2;
    return {std::int64_t(__int128(a.num) * b.num),
            std::int64_t(__int128(a.den) * b.den)};
  }
  friend fraction operator/(const fraction &a, const fraction &b) {
    assert(b.num != 0);
    return a * fraction(b.den, b.num);
  }
  friend fraction operator-(const fraction &val) { return {-val.num, val.den}; }
};

} // namespace noya

namespace noya {

/// @brief Reconstruct a reduced fraction numerator/denominator congruent to a
/// residue res modulo mod within supplied bounds. Uniqueness is guaranteed when
/// 2*nb*db < mod.
inline std::optional<fraction> rational_reconstruction(std::int64_t res,
                                                       std::int64_t mod,
                                                       std::int64_t nb,
                                                       std::int64_t db) {
  assert(mod >= 2);
  assert(nb >= 0 && db >= 1);
  res %= mod;
  if (res < 0) {
    res += mod;
  }
  std::int64_t r0 = mod;
  std::int64_t rem = res;
  std::int64_t d0 = 0;
  std::int64_t den = 1;
  while (std::llabs(rem) > nb) {
    if (rem == 0) {
      return std::nullopt;
    }
    std::int64_t quo = r0 / rem;
    __int128 r1 = __int128(r0) - __int128(quo) * rem;
    __int128 d1 = __int128(d0) - __int128(quo) * den;
    r0 = rem;
    rem = std::int64_t(r1);
    d0 = den;
    den = std::int64_t(d1);
  }
  if (den < 0) {
    den = -den;
    rem = -rem;
  }
  if (den == 0 || den > db || std::gcd(rem, den) != 1 ||
      std::gcd(den, mod) != 1) {
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  __int128 con = __int128(res) * den - rem;
  if (con % mod != 0) {
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  return fraction(rem, den);
}

} // namespace noya